What's New
Explore our latest reports and pieces
Explore our latest reports and pieces
ArcelorMittal’s retreat from a flagship green steel project signals deeper trouble for the sector. Once hailed as a climate solution, green steel now faces rising costs, closed markets, and waning political focus. Without scale, stable investment conditions, and sustained policy backing, green steel may never take off.
This analysis examines global defence industry interventions from 2020-2025, revealing that governments outside NATO are rapidly closing the alliance's intervention gap while capturing next-generation technologies. Although subsidies remain the dominant policy tool, public procurement restrictions are emerging as a mainstream instrument. They are expanding beyond traditional users, confirming increased economic nationalism in defence manufacturing.