On December 17, 2012 the Canada International Trade Tribunal found that the dumping and subsidizing of carbon and alloy steel pipe piles, commonly identified as piling pipe, have not caused injury but were threatening to cause injury to the domestic industry. This determination led to the imposition of AD and CVD orders in the margins determined by the Canada Border Services Agency. The investigations began with a complaint filed by Atlas Tube Canada Inc. of Harrow, Ontario.